Open Access

The journal follows the open access principles and provides immediate, free access to all published content without any access restrictions.

Authors retain the intellectual property rights, including copyright, to their work. By submitting and publishing in the journal, authors grant the journal the right to publish their articles under the Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial–NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license.

This license permits non-commercial use, sharing, and distribution of the published work, provided that proper attribution is given to the original author(s). Derivative works are not permitted.

The journal operates under the umbrella of Balkan Journals, a publishing brand managed by Balkan University Press, the publishing house of International Balkan University, and adheres to the principles of the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI).

The journal does not charge readers or their institutions for access to its content. The journal also does not charge any article processing charges (APCs), submission fees, or publication fees.